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RESEARCH

Research areas

Each area is a question an agency can fund. Within the study we build and calibrate the watershed model, develop the science the question needs, and deliver the results with a written report.

Our papers are on Publications. Streamflow, groundwater and PFAS-at-a-site studies are on Work with us.

Sediment

The question it answers

Where the sediment in a river comes from, and how much each practice would keep on the land.

The study delivers

Sediment loads for each sub-basin and channel, checked against measured suspended sediment where a gauge has it.

Request a proposal

Nutrients and water quality

The question it answers

How much nitrogen and phosphorus each sub-basin delivers, and what each practice would cut.

The study delivers

Nitrogen and phosphorus loads for each sub-basin, checked against measured water-quality samples where they exist, and the reduction scenarios the plan asks for.

Request a proposal

Reservoirs

The question it answers

How a reservoir’s releases change the flow downstream, in wet years and dry.

The study delivers

Each reservoir with a release rule taken from operating data where the data exist, and the flow downstream under the scenarios you ask for.

Request a proposal

Wetlands

The question it answers

How much water the wetlands of a watershed hold back, and what restoring or losing them would change.

The study delivers

The wetlands with their functions and parameters checked and stated, and the change in flow under the scenarios you ask for.

Request a proposal

Water temperature

The question it answers

How warm each stream runs, day by day, and how flow and weather change it.

The study delivers

Daily water temperature for every channel, checked against measured stream temperature.

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Crops and management

The question it answers

How crops, fertilizer and tile drainage shape the water and nutrients leaving farmland.

The study delivers

Crops from the USDA Cropland Data Layer, nitrogen fertilizer and tile drainage in the model, and the practice scenarios you ask for.

Request a proposal

PFAS

The question it answers

How long PFAS takes to reach groundwater, and how much arrives.

The study delivers

Arrival times and mass at the water table from your site’s data, by the method of our Journal of Contaminant Hydrology paper.

Request a proposal

Salt and chloride

The question it answers

Where the chloride in a stream comes from, road salt included, and how much each source adds.

The study delivers

Chloride carried through the model from its sources, set against measured chloride where a station has it.

Request a proposal

Bacteria (E. coli)

The question it answers

Where the E. coli in a stream comes from, and which sources add the most.

The study delivers

E. coli carried from its sources through the streams, set against measured E. coli where samples exist.

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Climate change

The question it answers

How a changing climate changes the flow of your river.

The study delivers

Your calibrated model run under an ensemble of climate models, and the change in flow it shows.

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Another question? Tell us in the request.